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Data · 9MA0ข้อมูล · 9MA0

A-Level · Edexcel 9MA0 · free step-by-step lesson, every question with its answer and the reason behind itบทเรียนฟรีทีละขั้น ทุกข้อมีเฉลยและเหตุผลกำกับ

1. How each solution is writtenวิธีเขียนทุกข้อ

Know · formula · substitute · work it outจดสิ่งที่รู้ · สูตร · แทนค่า · คิด

2. 1 · Uniform model check · 9MA0/03 Jun 2018 · 5 marks1 · ตรวจโมเดล uniform · 9MA0/03 Jun 2018 · 5 คะแนน

Answer: P(C = c) = 1/9 for c = 0 to 8 · P(C under 4) = 4/9 (0.444); Not a good model (0.315 is far below 4/9) · cloud cover varies by month and place, so use a non-uniform modelคำตอบ: P(C = c) = 1/9 for c = 0 to 8 · P(C under 4) = 4/9 (0.444); Not a good model (0.315 is far below 4/9) · cloud cover varies by month and place, so use a non-uniform model

1(a)(b) Uniform model for cloud cover1(a)(b) โมเดล uniform ของเมฆ

Helen suggests that $C$, the daily cloud cover in the large data set, follows a discrete uniform distribution.
(a)(b) Under this model, write down the probability distribution of $C$. Then use the model to work out the chance that a day has cloud cover below $50\%$. [3]

  1. $C\in\{0,1,2,\ldots,8\}$cloud cover is in oktas (eighths)LDS วัดเมฆเป็น oktas (ส่วนแปด)
  2. $P{(C=c)}=\dfrac19$9 values, all equal · answer (a)9 ค่า เท่ากันหมด · คำตอบ (a)
  3. $50\%\ \text{of sky}=4\ \text{oktas}$half of 8ครึ่งหนึ่งของ 8
  4. $P{(C\lt4)}=P(0)+\ldots+P(3)$under 50% means 0 to 3น้อยกว่า 50% คือ 0 ถึง 3
  5. $P{(C\lt4)}=4\times\dfrac19$four values, 1/9 each4 ค่า ค่าละ 1/9
  6. $P{(C\lt4)}=\dfrac49\approx0.444$answer (b)คำตอบ (b)

1(c)(d) Test and refine the model1(c)(d) ตรวจโมเดล แล้วปรับปรุง

Helen suggests that $C$, the daily cloud cover in the large data set, follows a discrete uniform distribution.
(c)(d) Helen then checked every day of the 2015 Hurn data: the share of days with cloud cover below $50\%$ was $0.315$. Her model gave $\dfrac49\approx0.444$ for the same share (part (b)). Say how well her model fits this, and suggest one way to improve it. [2]

  1. $\text{model}=\dfrac49\approx0.444$from (b)จากข้อ (b)
  2. $\text{Hurn 2015}=0.315$real share of daysสัดส่วนวันจริง
  3. $0.315\lt0.444$real value is much lowerของจริงน้อยกว่ามาก
  4. $\text{(c) not a good model}$answer (c) · the data disagreeคำตอบ (c) · ข้อมูลไม่ตรงกับโมเดล
  5. $\text{(d) cloud varies by place, month}$a uniform model ignores thisโมเดล uniform มองข้ามเรื่องนี้
  6. $\text{so use a non-uniform model}$answer (d) · probabilities from real dataคำตอบ (d) · ใช้ความน่าจะเป็นจากข้อมูลจริง

3. 2 · LDS and summary statistics · 9MA0/31 Jun 2024 · 6 marks2 · LDS กับค่าสถิติสรุป · 9MA0/31 Jun 2024 · 6 คะแนน

Answer: Daily Total Rainfall (Daily Mean Windspeed is also accepted); mean 15.2 °C · s.d. 3.34 °C; Octoberคำตอบ: Daily Total Rainfall (Daily Mean Windspeed is also accepted); mean 15.2 °C · s.d. 3.34 °C; October

2(a) Which variable was it?2(a) ตัวแปรไหนกันแน่

Ming uses the 2015 Perth data from the large data set. He wanted summary statistics for Daily Mean Air Temperature, $x$ °C, but picked the wrong variable by mistake. The wrong variable has mean $5.3$ and standard deviation $12.4$.
(a) Use what you know about the large data set to say which variable he picked by mistake. [1]

  1. $\bar{x}=5.3$mean of the wrong variableค่าเฉลี่ยของตัวแปรที่เลือกผิด
  2. $\sigma=12.4$its s.d. · bigger than the meanSD มากกว่าค่าเฉลี่ย
  3. $\bar{x}-\sigma=5.3-12.4$one s.d. below the meanต่ำกว่าค่าเฉลี่ยหนึ่ง SD
  4. $\bar{x}-\sigma=-7.1$below 0, but the values are never negativeติดลบ แต่ค่าจริงไม่เคยติดลบ
  5. $\text{many 0s, a few big values}$very skewedเบ้มาก
  6. $\text{answer: Daily Total Rainfall}$mean windspeed also gets the markmean windspeed ก็ได้คะแนน

2(b) Mean and s.d. from sums2(b) ค่าเฉลี่ยและ SD จากผลรวม

Ming uses the 2015 Perth data from the large data set. He wanted summary statistics for Daily Mean Air Temperature, $x$ °C, but picked the wrong variable by mistake. The wrong variable has mean $5.3$ and standard deviation $12.4$.
(b) For the correct variable, $n=184$, $\sum x=2801.2$ and $\sum x^2=44\,695.4$. Work out its mean and its standard deviation. [3]

  1. $\bar{x}=\dfrac{\Sigma x}{n}$x̄ “x-bar” = meanx̄ อ่านว่า เอ็กซ์บาร์ = ค่าเฉลี่ย
  2. $\bar{x}=\dfrac{2801.2}{184}$substituteแทนค่า
  3. $\bar{x}=15.2\ \text{°C}$answer · mean (keep 15.22… for the next line)คำตอบ · ค่าเฉลี่ย (เก็บ 15.22… ไว้ใช้ต่อ)
  4. $\sigma=\sqrt{\dfrac{\Sigma x^2}{n}-\bar{x}^2}$σ “sigma” = s.d.σ อ่านว่า ซิกมา = SD
  5. $\sigma=\sqrt{\dfrac{44\,695.4}{184}-\bar{x}^2}$substitute · x̄ stays unroundedแทนค่า · x̄ อย่าปัด
  6. $=\sqrt{242.90-231.76}$both to 2 d.p.ทั้งคู่ ทศนิยม 2 ตำแหน่ง
  7. $=\sqrt{11.14\ldots}$still under the rootยังอยู่ใต้ราก
  8. $=3.34\ \text{°C}$answer · s.d.คำตอบ · SD

2(c) Which month fits?2(c) เดือนไหนที่เข้าได้

Ming uses the 2015 Perth data from the large data set. He wanted summary statistics for Daily Mean Air Temperature, $x$ °C, but picked the wrong variable by mistake. The wrong variable has mean $5.3$ and standard deviation $12.4$.
(c) One month of the Perth 2015 data has mean $19.4$ °C and standard deviation $2.83$ °C for Daily Mean Air Temperature. The mean over all $184$ days is $15.2$ °C (from part (b)). Suggest which month it could be, and give a reason. [2]

  1. $19.4\gt15.2$warmer than the average dayอุ่นกว่าวันเฉลี่ย
  2. $\text{LDS months: May to October}$LDS factข้อมูล LDS ครอบคลุม พ.ค. ถึง ต.ค.
  3. $\text{Perth: southern hemisphere}$seasons are flippedเพิร์ทอยู่ซีกโลกใต้ ฤดูกลับกัน
  4. $\text{Jun–Aug winter, Sep–Oct spring}$warming towards Octoberอุ่นขึ้นเรื่อย ๆ จนถึงตุลาคม
  5. $\text{answer: October}$the last spring month, so the warmestเดือนสุดท้ายของฤดูใบไม้ผลิ จึงอุ่นที่สุด

4. 3 · Correlation and the LDS · 8MA0/21 Jun 2023 · 4 marks3 · สหสัมพันธ์กับ LDS · 8MA0/21 Jun 2023 · 4 คะแนน

Answer: No (or weak) correlation · as pressure increases, temperature decreases; Any p from 990 to 1040 hPa (e.g. 1015) · Beaufort wind speed is qualitative (given in words)คำตอบ: No (or weak) correlation · as pressure increases, temperature decreases; Any p from 990 to 1040 hPa (e.g. 1015) · Beaufort wind speed is qualitative (given in words)

3(a)(b) Read the two scatter diagrams3(a)(b) อ่านแผนภาพกระจายสองรูป

Fred and Nadine look for a straight-line link between Daily Mean Pressure, $p$ hPa, and Daily Mean Air Temperature, $t$ °C, using the 2015 Beijing data from the large data set.
Fred plots one month chosen at random (Figure 1, horizontal scale left off): his points are scattered with no clear direction. Nadine plots every 2015 Beijing day on the same scales (Figure 2): her points run from the top left to the bottom right.
(a)(b) Name the correlation that Figure 1 shows. Then say, in context, what Nadine can conclude from Figure 2 about how $p$ and $t$ are related. [2]

  1. $\text{Fig. 1: no clear direction}$look at the dotsดูจุดทั้งหมด
  2. $\text{no (or weak) correlation}$answer (a)คำตอบ (a)
  3. $\text{Fig. 2: points slope down}$negative correlationสหสัมพันธ์เชิงลบ
  4. $p\uparrow\ \Rightarrow\ t\downarrow$say it with p and tพูดโดยใช้ p กับ t
  5. $\text{pressure up, temperature down}$answer (b) · in contextคำตอบ (b) · ตามบริบท

3(c)(d) Use what the LDS holds3(c)(d) ใช้ความรู้เรื่อง LDS

Fred and Nadine look for a straight-line link between Daily Mean Pressure, $p$ hPa, and Daily Mean Air Temperature, $t$ °C, using the 2015 Beijing data from the large data set.
Fred plots one month chosen at random (Figure 1, horizontal scale left off): his points are scattered with no clear direction. Nadine plots every 2015 Beijing day on the same scales (Figure 2): her points run from the top left to the bottom right.
(c)(d) Use what you know about the large data set. (c) State a value of $p$ (in hPa) for which Figure 2 can be used to predict $t$ by interpolation. (d) Beijing’s Daily Mean Wind Speed (Beaufort Conversion) is also in the data: explain why a straight-line link between it and $t$ makes no sense. [2]

  1. $\text{interpolation}=\text{inside the data}$only predict inside the rangeทำนายได้เฉพาะในช่วงข้อมูล
  2. $p_{\text{LDS}}\approx990\text{ to }1040\ \text{hPa}$daily pressure sits near 1000ความดันรายวันอยู่แถว 1000
  3. $p=1015\ \text{hPa}$answer (c) · any value from 990 to 1040คำตอบ (c) · ค่าไหนก็ได้ 990 ถึง 1040
  4. $\text{(d) Beaufort is given in words}$light, moderate, …light, moderate, …
  5. $\text{qualitative}\ \Rightarrow\ \text{no line to fit}$answer (d)คำตอบ (d)

5. 4 · Box plot from summaries · 8MA0/21 Jun 2024 · 4 marks4 · บ็อกซ์พล็อตจากค่าสรุป · 8MA0/21 Jun 2024 · 4 คะแนน

Answer: Q₁ 1.81, median 1.85, Q₃ 1.92 · whiskers from 1.72 to 2.00คำตอบ: Q₁ 1.81, median 1.85, Q₃ 1.92 · whiskers from 1.72 to 2.00

4 Draw the box plot to scale4 วาดบ็อกซ์พล็อตตามสเกล

A coach records the heights of some adult rugby players. The median is $1.85$ m, the range is $0.28$ m and the interquartile range is $0.11$ m. The shortest player is $1.72$ m tall, and $25\%$ of the players are shorter than $1.81$ m.
Draw a box-and-whisker plot of these heights on an axis from $1.60$ m to $2.10$ m. [4]

  1. $Q_1=1.81$25% are shorter than 1.8125% เตี้ยกว่า 1.81
  2. $Q_2=1.85$median, givenมัธยฐาน โจทย์ให้
  3. $\text{IQR}=Q_3-Q_1$formulaสูตร
  4. $0.11=Q_3-1.81$substituteแทนค่า
  5. $Q_3=1.92$right end of the boxขอบขวาของกล่อง
  6. $\text{range}=\max-\min$formulaสูตร
  7. $0.28=\max-1.72$shortest player is 1.72คนเตี้ยสุดสูง 1.72
  8. $\max=2.00\ \text{m}$right end of the whiskerปลายหนวดขวา
  9. $1.72,\ 1.81,\ 1.85,\ 1.92,\ 2.00$min · Q₁ · median · Q₃ · max → draw theseต่ำสุด · Q₁ · มัธยฐาน · Q₃ · สูงสุด → วาดตามนี้

6. 5 · Outliers and the LDS · 8MA0/21 Oct 2020 · 5 marks5 · ค่าผิดปกติกับ LDS · 8MA0/21 Oct 2020 · 5 คะแนน

Answer: 0 to 500 m; Upper limit 5100 and 5300 is above it, so the point is an outlier; As humidity increases, visibility decreases · Daily Total Sunshine (hours)คำตอบ: 0 to 500 m; Upper limit 5100 and 5300 is above it, so the point is an outlier; As humidity increases, visibility decreases · Daily Total Sunshine (hours)

5(a) Meaning of a recorded 05(a) ความหมายของค่า 0

Jerry studies Daily Mean Visibility at Camborne in June 1987, from the large data set. Two of its rows: on 10/06/1987 the daily maximum relative humidity was $90\%$ and the visibility was $5300$; on 28/06/1987 they were $100\%$ and $0$. The table prints no unit for visibility.
(a) Visibility is recorded to the nearest $100$ (in the unit the table leaves out). Give, in metres, the range of distances that a recorded $0$ stands for. [1]

  1. $\text{unit of visibility}=\text{dam}$dam “decametre” = 10 mdam อ่านว่า เดคาเมตร = 10 m
  2. $0\le v\lt50\ \text{dam}$rounds to 0 at the nearest 100ปัดเป็นร้อยแล้วได้ 0
  3. $0\le v\lt50\times10\ \text{m}$1 dam = 10 m1 dam = 10 m
  4. $0\le v\lt500\ \text{m}$answerคำตอบ

5(b) Show it is an outlier5(b) แสดงว่าเป็นค่าผิดปกติ

Jerry studies Daily Mean Visibility at Camborne in June 1987, from the large data set. Two of its rows: on 10/06/1987 the daily maximum relative humidity was $90\%$ and the visibility was $5300$; on 28/06/1987 they were $100\%$ and $0$. The table prints no unit for visibility.
(b) For June 1987 at Camborne, visibility has $Q_1=1100$ and $\text{IQR}=1600$; humidity has $Q_1=92$ and $\text{IQR}=8$. Jerry calls a value an outlier when it is more than $1.5\times\text{IQR}$ above $Q_3$, or more than $1.5\times\text{IQR}$ below $Q_1$. His scatter diagram (Figure 2) has the point with humidity $90\%$ and visibility $5300$ circled. Show that this point is an outlier for visibility. [2]

  1. $Q_3=Q_1+\text{IQR}$IQR = Q₃ − Q₁, turned roundIQR = Q₃ − Q₁ กลับข้าง
  2. $Q_3=1100+1600$substituteแทนค่า
  3. $Q_3=2700$
  4. $\text{limit}=Q_3+1.5\times\text{IQR}$rule from the questionกฎจากโจทย์
  5. $\text{limit}=2700+1.5(1600)$substituteแทนค่า
  6. $\text{limit}=5100$upper limitขอบบน
  7. $5300\gt5100$circled point: 10/06, visibility 5300จุดที่วง: 10/06 ค่า 5300
  8. $\text{outlier}$above Q₃ + 1.5 IQRเกิน Q₃ + 1.5 IQR

5(c)(d) Read the trend, name x5(c)(d) อ่านแนวโน้ม แล้วระบุตัวแปร x

Jerry studies Daily Mean Visibility at Camborne in June 1987, from the large data set. Two of its rows: on 10/06/1987 the daily maximum relative humidity was $90\%$ and the visibility was $5300$; on 28/06/1987 they were $100\%$ and $0$. The table prints no unit for visibility.
(c)(d) In Figure 2 the points run from the top left to the bottom right. Interpret this correlation between visibility and humidity. Figure 3 plots the same visibilities against a variable whose axis label is missing: its $x$-axis is marked from $2$ to $14$, and the $x$-values run from $0$ up to about $11$, not all whole numbers. Use what you know about the large data set to suggest which variable is on the $x$-axis. [2]

  1. $\text{(c) humidity}\uparrow\ \Rightarrow\ \text{visibility}\downarrow$negative correlation, in contextสหสัมพันธ์เชิงลบ ตามบริบท
  2. $\text{(d) }x\text{ runs 0 to 11, decimals}$read the scaleอ่านสเกล
  3. $\text{cloud cover stops at 8}$too smallใหญ่สุดแค่ 8 · ไม่ใช่
  4. $\text{wind speed: whole knots}$no decimalsไม่มีทศนิยม · ไม่ใช่
  5. $\text{temperature near 0 in June?}$very unlikelyไม่น่าเป็นไปได้ · ไม่ใช่
  6. $\text{answer: Daily Total Sunshine}$June days are long: up to about 15 hเดือนมิถุนายนกลางวันยาว: สูงสุดราว 15 ชม.

7. 6 · Grouped data and cleaning · 8MA0/21 Jun 2019 · 8 marks6 · ข้อมูลแบบกลุ่มและการคลีนข้อมูล · 8MA0/21 Jun 2019 · 8 คะแนน

Answer: tr (trace) is not a number, so it must be converted first; 2.17 mm; 5.77 mm; The values are spread evenly across each class; Most days in the first class are 0 or tr, so the actual mean is smaller than the estimateคำตอบ: tr (trace) is not a number, so it must be converted first; 2.17 mm; 5.77 mm; The values are spread evenly across each class; Most days in the first class are 0 or tr, so the actual mean is smaller than the estimate

6(a) Why clean the data first?6(a) ทำไมต้องคลีนข้อมูลก่อน

Joshua studies Daily Total Rainfall at Hurn from May to October 2015 in the large data set, and wants its mean. He groups the days by rainfall $r$ mm, with frequency $f$ and class midpoint $x$ mm:

rainfall r (mm)fx
0 ≤ r < 0.51210.25
0.5 ≤ r < 1.0100.75
1.0 ≤ r < 5.0243.0
5.0 ≤ r < 10.0127.5
10.0 ≤ r < 30.01720.0

(a) Use what you know about the large data set to explain why he must clean the data before he finds the mean. [1]

  1. $\text{some days are recorded as tr}$tr = trace, under 0.05 mmtr = ฝนเล็กน้อย ไม่ถึง 0.05 mm
  2. $\text{tr is text, not a number}$a mean needs numbersหาค่าเฉลี่ยต้องใช้ตัวเลข
  3. $\text{so change tr into a number}$answer · e.g. tr → 0คำตอบ · เช่น tr → 0

6(b) Upper quartile by interpolation6(b) หา Q₃ ด้วยการเทียบสัดส่วน

Joshua studies Daily Total Rainfall at Hurn from May to October 2015 in the large data set, and wants its mean. He groups the days by rainfall $r$ mm, with frequency $f$ and class midpoint $x$ mm:

rainfall r (mm)fx
0 ≤ r < 0.51210.25
0.5 ≤ r < 1.0100.75
1.0 ≤ r < 5.0243.0
5.0 ≤ r < 10.0127.5
10.0 ≤ r < 30.01720.0

(b) Estimate the upper quartile of the rainfall by linear interpolation. [2]

  1. $\text{position}=\dfrac34n$upper quartile · n = number of daysควอร์ไทล์บน · n = จำนวนวัน
  2. $\text{position}=\dfrac34(184)$n = 121 + 10 + 24 + 12 + 17 = 184n = 121 + 10 + 24 + 12 + 17 = 184
  3. $=138$cum. f: 131 then 155 → class 1.0 to 5.0ความถี่สะสม 131 แล้ว 155 → ชั้น 1.0 ถึง 5.0
  4. $Q_3=1.0+\dfrac{138-131}{24}\times4$start + fraction × widthจุดเริ่ม + สัดส่วน × ความกว้าง
  5. $Q_3=1.0+\dfrac{7}{24}\times4$
  6. $=1.0+\dfrac{7}{6}$
  7. $=2.17\ \text{mm}$answer · 3 s.f.คำตอบ · 3 ตำแหน่งนัยสำคัญ

6(c) Estimate the s.d.6(c) ประมาณ SD

Joshua studies Daily Total Rainfall at Hurn from May to October 2015 in the large data set, and wants its mean. He groups the days by rainfall $r$ mm, with frequency $f$ and class midpoint $x$ mm:

rainfall r (mm)fx
0 ≤ r < 0.51210.25
0.5 ≤ r < 1.0100.75
1.0 ≤ r < 5.0243.0
5.0 ≤ r < 10.0127.5
10.0 ≤ r < 30.01720.0

(c) You may use $\sum fx=539.75$ and $\sum fx^2=7704.1875$. Estimate the standard deviation of the daily rainfall at Hurn from May to October 2015. [2]

  1. $\bar{x}=\dfrac{\Sigma fx}{\Sigma f}$mean of grouped data · f = frequencyค่าเฉลี่ยแบบกลุ่ม · f = ความถี่
  2. $\bar{x}=\dfrac{539.75}{184}$Σf = 184, the sum of the f columnΣf = 184 ผลรวมคอลัมน์ f
  3. $=2.9334\ldots$
  4. $\sigma=\sqrt{\dfrac{\Sigma fx^2}{\Sigma f}-\bar{x}^2}$σ “sigma” = s.d. · x = midpointσ อ่านว่า ซิกมา = SD · x = จุดกึ่งกลาง
  5. $\sigma=\sqrt{\dfrac{7704.1875}{184}-\bar{x}^2}$substitute · x̄ stays unroundedแทนค่า · x̄ อย่าปัด
  6. $=\sqrt{41.87\ldots-8.60\ldots}$
  7. $=\sqrt{33.26\ldots}$still under the rootยังอยู่ใต้ราก
  8. $=5.77\ \text{mm}$answer · 3 s.f.คำตอบ · 3 ตำแหน่งนัยสำคัญ

6(d)(i) The midpoint assumption6(d)(i) สมมติฐานของจุดกึ่งกลาง

Joshua studies Daily Total Rainfall at Hurn from May to October 2015 in the large data set, and wants its mean. He groups the days by rainfall $r$ mm, with frequency $f$ and class midpoint $x$ mm:

rainfall r (mm)fx
0 ≤ r < 0.51210.25
0.5 ≤ r < 1.0100.75
1.0 ≤ r < 5.0243.0
5.0 ≤ r < 10.0127.5
10.0 ≤ r < 30.01720.0

(d)(i) State the assumption made when class midpoints are used to estimate a mean from a grouped table. [1]

  1. $\text{estimate uses midpoint }x$one value stands for the whole classใช้จุดกึ่งกลางแทนทั้งชั้น
  2. $\text{assumes: values spread evenly}$answer (i) · evenly across each classคำตอบ (i) · กระจายสม่ำเสมอทั้งชั้น

6(d)(ii)(iii) Is the midpoint fair here?6(d)(ii)(iii) ใช้จุดกึ่งกลางได้จริงไหม

Joshua studies Daily Total Rainfall at Hurn from May to October 2015 in the large data set, and wants its mean. He groups the days by rainfall $r$ mm, with frequency $f$ and class midpoint $x$ mm:

rainfall r (mm)fx
0 ≤ r < 0.51210.25
0.5 ≤ r < 1.0100.75
1.0 ≤ r < 5.0243.0
5.0 ≤ r < 10.0127.5
10.0 ≤ r < 30.01720.0

(d)(ii)(iii) Use what you know about the large data set to explain why that assumption fails for these data. Then compare the actual mean daily rainfall with the estimate from the table: is it bigger, smaller or equal? Give a reason. [2]

  1. $\text{first class: }121\text{ of }184\text{ days}$most days are in class 1ส่วนใหญ่อยู่ชั้นแรก
  2. $\text{most are 0 or tr}$dry day = 0 or tr (under 0.05)วันฝนไม่ตก = 0 หรือ tr (ไม่ถึง 0.05)
  3. $\text{so they sit near 0, not 0.25}$not spread evenly · answer (ii)ไม่ได้กระจายสม่ำเสมอ · คำตอบ (ii)
  4. $\text{true values}\lt\text{midpoint}$most are below 0.25ส่วนใหญ่ต่ำกว่า 0.25
  5. $\text{actual mean}\lt\text{estimate}$answer (iii) · smaller, for that reasonคำตอบ (iii) · น้อยกว่า ด้วยเหตุผลนี้

8. Your turnลองทำเอง

Same method, new numbers. Write what you know first.วิธีเดิม ตัวเลขใหม่ · จดสิ่งที่รู้ก่อน

  1. A shop records its daily sales in hundreds of GBP. For one month, $Q_1=30$ and $\text{IQR}=18$. A day counts as an outlier if its sales are more than $1.5\times\text{IQR}$ above $Q_3$. Find the upper limit.ร้านค้าบันทึกยอดขายรายวันเป็นหน่วยร้อยปอนด์ · เดือนหนึ่ง $Q_1=30$ และ $\text{IQR}=18$ · วันที่ยอดขายสูงกว่า $Q_3$ เกิน $1.5\times\text{IQR}$ ถือเป็นค่าผิดปกติ · หาขอบบน
    Answer:เฉลย: 75Q₃ = 30 + 18 = 48, then the limit is 48 + 1.5 × 18 = 75.Q₃ = 30 + 18 = 48 · ขอบบน = 48 + 1.5 × 18 = 75

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